Pilnox TDQ is an inexpensive and highly potent staining type antioxidant most widely used in the rubber com-pounds based on NR, IR, SBR, BR, NBR and other diene rubbers except CR (polychloroprene). Pilnox TDQ, being a polymerized resinous antioxidant in ‘pastilles’ form, is easy to handle and disperses well in rubber compounds at normal processing temperatures. Pilnox TDQ is classified as a staining type, low volatility, and polymeric antioxidant with very high potency.
Pilnox TDQ, when used alone at 0.5-2.0 phr levels, offers excellent long term protection to rubber vulcanizates against oxidative ageing at ambient as well as elevated temperatures. Pilnox TDQ also offers protection against degradation caused by ozone under static as well as dynamic conditions; however, it does not contribute to flex fatigue resistance and hence generally used in combination with para phenylenediamine class antidegradants like Pilflex IP, Pilflex 13. Pilnox TDQ is also effective with metal ion catalyzed degradation.
Pilnox TDQ does not bloom even at higher dosages or influence the processing, scorch and cure characteristics of rubber compounds; however, very high dosages of Pilnox TDQ may result in slight retardation of cure.
The extent of staining / discoloration caused by Pilnox TDQ is comparatively less severe than other amine antioxidants like PBNA or acetone diphenylamine condensates.
Very low volatility of Pilnox TDQ prevents ‘loss of antioxidant’ during mixing and other processing operations and its polymeric structure offers advantage of low migration rate (as compared to other amine antioxidants) which ensures that Pilnox TDQ persists in the area of the rubber compound in which it was originally compounded.
The high potency of Pilnox TDQ offers cost advantage since only small dosage (usually 50 to 60% of other antioxidants like PBNA or acetone diphenylamine condensates) is sufficient to obtain desired long term protection against heat and oxidative ageing as well as reversion resistance during over cure.
Pilnox TDQ does not interfere during organic peroxide based cross linking of NR, SBR, NBR, EPDM, etc. for specialty applications and thus, can be used to reduce the ‘frosting’ caused during hot air curing of peroxide cured products. Pilnox TDQ activates scorch and cure of polychloroprene based compounds affecting storage stability and mould flow times.
Pilnox TDQ dosages used for various applications are generally 0.5 to 2.0 phr and Pilnox TDQ exhibits a plateau effect of its antioxidant activity between 1.5 to 2.0 phr for most rubbers. Combinations of Pilnox TDQ and PPD class antidegradant (e.g.Pilflex IP, Pilflex 13 ) in the ratio of 1:1 at 0.5-1.0 phr levels provide excellent protection against almost all degradative forces under normal operating conditions of most rubber products based on natural or synthetic rubbers.
Applications here the rubber vulcanizates are exposed to very severe conditions of degradative forces (e.g. auto tyres, beltings, retread, etc.) the ratio of Pilnox TDQ: PPD class antidegradants is increased to 1:2 or above. Similarly, combinations of Pilnox TDQ and Antioxidant MBI / ZMBI in the ratio of 1:1 provide synergistic effect for protection against high temperature oxidative ageing where flex-fatigue resistance is not a primary requirement and Semi-EV or EV (including sulphur less) cure systems are used.
Pilnox TDQ does not affect the rubber to textile / metal adhesion / bonding properties and thus is an ideal antioxidant for rubber compounds where tack retention and bond strength are of primary importance.
Pilnox TDQ can be used as an effective heat resistant antioxidant for NR latex based compounds at 0.3 to 0.5 phr levels for products where color imparted by Pilnox TDQ is within the acceptable limits even after ageing. Well powdered Pilnox TDQ can be ball milled along with other solids to prepare dispersions for latex compounding. Alternately, a 20% active content dispersion of Pilnox TDQ can be prepared separately using normal dosage of dispersing agent and ball-milling technique.
Pilnox TDQ is widely used in the manufacture of Truck & Bus, Passenger, OTR tyres, Two-three wheeler auto tyres, Cycle Tyres and Tubes, Retreading and Tyre Repair materials, conveyor beltings, V- belts and fan belts, transmission belts, tyre Flaps, Hoses, Cables, Oil seals, Gaskets, miscellaneous molded and extruded goods, Latex foam, Rice dehusking rollers, etc.
TYPICAL DOSAGES:
Typical dosages of Pilnox TDQ / its combination with other antidegradants for various applications are given below:
|
TYPICAL DOSAGES OF PILNOX TDQ
|
|
|
Rubber
|
Pilnox TDQ
|
Pilflex 13
|
Pilnox SP
|
Blended Wax
|
|
Truck Tyres
Treads (Cross ply, Front Tyres)
Treads (Cross ply, Rear Tyres)
Treads (Radials)
Sidewall (Cross ply)
Sidewall (Radials)
Carcass (Cross ply)
Carcass (Radial)
|
NR-BR
NR
NR-BR
NR-BR
NR-BR
NR
NR
|
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
|
2.5-3.5
3.0-3.5
3.0-3.5
2.7-3.0
3.0-4.0
0.7-1.0
0.7-1.0
|
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
|
0.7-1.0
0.7-1.0
0.7-1.0
1.5-2.0
1.5-2.0
-
-
|
|
Passenger Tyres (Radials)
Tread
Sidewall
Carcass
|
NR-SBR-BR
SBR-BR
NR-BR
NR/ NR-SBR
|
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
|
2.5-3.0
2.5-3.0
3.0-3.5
0.5
|
-
-
-
-
|
1.5
1.5
1.0
-
|
|
Motor cycle / Scooter Tyres
Tread
Carcass
|
SBR-BR
NR-SBR
|
1.0
1.0
|
1.75-2.0
0.5
|
-
-
|
1.0
-
|
|
Auto Tubes
|
IIR
NR
|
-
1.0
|
0.5
1.0
|
-
-
|
-
1.0
|
|
Flaps
|
NR/ NR-RR
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
-
|
1.0 *
|
|
Bicycle Tyre Treads
|
NR-RR
NR-BR-RR
|
1.0
1.0
|
0.5
0.5
|
-
-
|
1.0 *
1.0 *
|
|
Bicycle Tubes
|
NR
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
-
|
0.5 *
|
|
Cycle Tyre curing bags
|
NR
|
1.5-2.0
|
1.0
|
-
|
-
|
|
Retreads
Hot cure
Cold cure
Cushion gum
|
NR/NR-BR
NR-BR
SBR-BR
NR
|
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
|
0.5-0.75
1.0
1.0
-
|
-
-
-
-
|
0.5
0.7
0.7
-
|
|
Conveyor belt cover
|
NR
NR-SBR
|
1.0-1.5
1.0-1.5
|
1.0-1.5
1.0-1.5
|
-
-
|
0.5-0.7
0.5-0.7
|
|
V belts
Base
Cushion
|
NR
NR
|
1.0
1.0
|
1.0
0.5
|
-
-
|
-
-
|
|
Power Transmission Belts
General Purpose
Heat Resistant
|
NR
NR
|
1.0
2.0
|
0.5
1.0
|
-
-
|
-
-
|
|
Hawaii Straps (dark colored)
|
NR
|
0.3
|
-
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
|
Soles & Heels
|
NR-SBR
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
-
|
-
|
|
Hoses
|
NR/SBR/NBR
|
0.7-1.0
|
0.5
|
-
|
1.0
|
|
Tubings
|
NR/SBR/NBR
|
0.7-1.0
|
0.5
|
-
|
1.0
|
|
Cables
General Purpose
Heat Resistant-Peroxide Cure
|
NR
EPDM
|
1.0
4.0
|
0.5
-
|
-
-
|
1.5
PE Wax 10
|
|
Rice dehusking rollers
|
NBR
|
1.0-1.5
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Rail pads
|
NR/SBR
|
1.5-2.0
|
1.5-2.0
|
-
|
2.0
|
|
Rubberized fabric (dark )
|
NR
|
0.5
|
-
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
|
Rubber sheetings (dark)
|
NR
|
0.5
|
-
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
|
O-Rings, Oil Seals, Gaskets
|
NBR
NR
|
1.5
2.0
|
0.5-1.0
0.5-1.0
|
-
-
|
0.5
0.5
|
|
Misc. Rubber Goods
General Purpose
Heat Resistant (EV Cure)
|
NR/SBR/NBR
|
1.0
1.5
|
0.5-1.0
0.5-1.0
|
-
-
|
0.7-1.0
0.7-1.0
|
|
Latex Foam
|
NR Latex
|
0.2-0.5
|
-
|
1.0
|
-
|
|
Coir Foam
|
NR Latex
|
0.5-1.0
|
-
|
1.0
|
-
|
|
Carpet backing
|
NR Latex
|
0.5-1.0
|
-
|
1.0
|
-
|